Observability Enhancement of Smart Grid Based on Optimal Placement of PMUs

This paper presents an efficient observation concerning the enhancement of smart grid (SG) based on optimal placement phasor measurement units (OPP) using nonlinear programming (NLP). The proposed algorithm tries to achieve two objectives: (i) ascertain minimum number (PMUs) and (ii) increase redundancy SG at all buses. Synchronized current voltage phasors are obtained enhance accuracy state estimation results—a PMUs results in a lack communication facilities substation. PMU losses will lead unobservable buses SG. Therefore, constraints should be considered during design process. Limited channel capacity, conventional measurement, zero-injection bus measurements also included formulation. is examined IEEE~14-, 30-, 57-, 118-, 300-bus test systems MATLAB verify its effectiveness. Furthermore, compared with simplex linear mixed methods prove efficacy presented algorithm. output thus reveals that NLP obtains approximately same as other methods.